Monday, March 31, 2014

Best Nootropics to Handle Stress

The best nootropics for anyone to start taking are going to depend a lot on what kinds of problems they are having. Many people want to focus better and have a better memory, but there are those who want to be able to handle stress better. The cortisol response can not only damage your ability […]



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Sunday, March 30, 2014

Oxiracetam Side Effects and Self Tracking

There are a lot of side effects to keep in mind no matter what kind of drug you are taking. When it comes to something like oxiracetam, you also have to keep an important eye on the types of physiological and biochemical changes that can occur. Make sure that you are constantly looking at the […]



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Saturday, March 29, 2014

Aniracetam and Alcohol for Anxiety

A lot of people who are struggling with anxiety look to other methods of ridding their problem. Alternative methods include things like taking nootropics or smart drugs and there are a wide variety of other things that can be done as well. Make sure that you are able to understand how all the different compounds […]



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Friday, March 28, 2014

Learning Where to Buy Piracetam the Hard Way

Some people who are involved with nootropic drugs prefer to learn where to buy piracetam the hard way rather than reading information and advice on the internet and learning from mistakes. One of the biggest problems that some people make is that they go online in order to save money, but they do not check […]



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Thursday, March 27, 2014

Excess Oxiracetam Dosage to Start

One of the biggest words of caution for anyone who is getting started with nootropic drugs is to avoid getting dragged into the attachment to an outcome. If you are trying to reach your genetic potential with the help of nootropic drugs, you may feel the need to accelerate your dosage in order to get […]



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Wednesday, March 26, 2014

Where to Buy Nootropics Safely

Safety is always a concern when trying to take any kind of consumable drug that is going to make a difference on your physiology. For example, those who want to enhance their cognitive abilities have got to make sure that they are purchasing from safe sources. If you do not get the nootropic drugs that […]



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Tuesday, March 25, 2014

Piracetam Studies and Alzheimer’s Disease

Millions of people suffer from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) every day and many of them have no way to turn their memory problems around. Families are completely broken as people don’t recognize their immediate relatives. It is heartbreaking to see people lose their memory and have debilitating problems that last them the rest of their lives. […]



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Monday, March 24, 2014

Where to Buy Nootropics for Memory

Enhancing your memory does not have to be a difficult proposition. It is your responsibility to focus on getting the best possible results when you are in school or at the workplace and there are plenty of nootropics that can help. If you are wondering where to buy nootropics for enhanced memory, you can use […]



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Sunday, March 23, 2014

Difficulties Purchasing Oxiracetam Online

There are always problems when you want to buy something online. No matter what type of industry you are looking for products in, you will find that there are some problems or another. When it comes to purchasing oxiracetam online, you will find there are a few more difficulties than in some other industries. One […]



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Saturday, March 22, 2014

Advantages of CDP Choline Side Effects

There are a lot of side effects of supplements and most of them are not all that great. Few people enjoy some of the secondary effects of the drugs that they take. However, there are some drugs that provide almost all positive side effects. CDP choline side effects are mild or non-existent in most situations. […]



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Best Choline Supplement for Health

There are many different options when it comes to improving your health with the use of supplements. A lot of people focus on their body for good reason. There are many elements of the body that require some form of support, but it is in your best interest to consider your brain health the most. […]



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Citicoline for Enhanced Cognition

Citicoline or cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids and brain acetylcholine. It is a psychostimulant compound and a source of Acetylecholine and a water-soluble nootropic of the Choline chemical class. This compound is used as an exogenous sodium salt, though CDP-choline is an endogenous nucleotide naturally found in the […]



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Piracetam Dangers and Choline Uptake

There are few piracetam dangers to worry about, but headaches are a common side effect that most people would rather avoid. There are multiple reasons why a headache might accompany piracetam usage, but the majority of users find inadequate choline to be the main cause. A major study of piracetam showed that racetams (including piracetam, […]



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Friday, March 21, 2014

Alpha Brain Review – A Full Analysis

Alpha Brain is one of the most famous nootropic blends that sparked debate and controversy in many communities. Produced by Onnit Labs since 2010, Alpha Brain has been featured in a variety of media outlets including the Joe Rogan Experience. Many nootropics users question the validity, price, and efficacy of Alpha Brain for cognitive enhancement, […]



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Neuro Protective Oxiracetam for Sale

For anyone who looks at PubMed or many other public databases often, it is easy to see how oxiracetam can become a convincing idea for improving cognitive abilities. When it comes to your own advancements in cognition, it makes sense that you would want to use the drug in order to improve yourself. The following […]



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Thursday, March 20, 2014

Short Aniracetam Half Life

When it comes to understanding a certain drug and the interactions within the human body and brain, it is important to make sure that you learn about the half life. The half life of any drug is going to provide you information that allows you to better and more properly dose your smart drugs for […]



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Wednesday, March 19, 2014

Overcoming Aniracetam Side Effects

Even though it might seem like there are relatively few problems with nootropic drugs, it is best to check the research and reviews beforehand so you have a better idea. More importantly, it is the responsibility of every user to be conscious of choices and determine whether a certain drug is causing side effects that […]



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Tuesday, March 18, 2014

Are Oxiracetam Capsules Too Big?

There are some bizarre requests when it comes to nootropic drugs and oxiracetam capsules can be the topic of a lot of discussion. Some people wonder whether the capsules are too big as it might be somewhat difficult for others to get the pills down if so. There are a few sizes of oxiracetam pills […]



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Optimal Choline Complex for Complete Acetylcholine Nutrition

Brain health is one of the most important things for anyone to consider in the modern world. The rest of the body is important, but ensuring neurological connections are healthy is one of the best methods that you can use in order to promote longevity and prevent some of the degenerative diseases. There are several […]



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CDP Choline Dopamine

There are many different side effects when it comes to taking nootropics, but some of them can actually be beneficial for the human brain. Some people who take choline supplements realize that there are CDP choline dopamine benefits that go along with each other. The real mechanism of action is a little more complicated than […]



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Choline Pills for Mental Energy and Focus

There are a lot of different advantages of acetylcholine and many people think that it is most well known for memory and enhanced neuro protection. Of course, this is one of the most well researched section for the different choline supplements. However, choline pills can be incredibly effective for improving mental energy and focus as […]



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Monday, March 17, 2014

Experiments for CDP Choline in Rats

Oxidative stress emerges after reperfusion of an organ following an ischemic period and results in tissue damage. In the heart, an amplified generation of reactive oxygen species and a significant Ca(2+) accumulation cause ventricular arrhythmias and mitochondrial dysfunction. This occurs in consequence of increased non-specific permeability. A number of works have shown that permeability transition […]



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CDP Choline Administration

CDP-Choline became available over the counter in the US in 1998. Most pills come in a 250 mg dose. The recommended CDP Choline standard dosing of CDP-choline is to take 500-2,000 mg in two divided doses (of 250-1,000 mg) usually separated by 8-12 hours, although a single daily dose is also sometimes used. A single […]



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Overall Effects of CDP Choline

Scientific research demonstrates that consumption promotes brain metabolism by enhancing the synthesis of acetylcholine, restoring phospholipid content in the brain and regulation of neuronal membrane excitability and osmolarity (by its effect on the ATP-dependent sodium and potassium pumps). CDP Choline is widely used to help and to treat Alzheimer’s and as a Nootropic supplement to […]



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CDP Choline Background Information

CDP-choline (Cytidine Diphosphate-choline, Cytidine Diphosphocholine or Citicholine) stands for cytidine 5-diphosphocholine, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids and brain acetylcholine. It is a psychostimulant compound and a source of Acetylecholine and a water-soluble nootropic of the Choline chemical class. It was originally developed in Japan for stroke and is now also approved in […]



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Alpha GPC is Safe for Supplementation

Alpha-GPC is a known derivative of soy lecithin, which has been given the title of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration. The Institute of Medicine has determined an adequate daily intake of choline of 550 mg per day for adult males, 425 mg per day for adult females. […]



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Alpha GPC for Treating Cerebral Ischemic Attacks

Victims of acute ischemic cerebral events (TIA, p-TIA, or stroke) are known to be at a much higher risk of dementia. In fact, cerebrovascular disease is the second most common cause of dementia. The reason for this, however, remains unknown. It is thought that injury to multiple regions of the brain may lead to dementia […]



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Alpha GPC vs. CDP Choline – Which is More Effective

Many people wonder whether alpha GPC vs CDP choline is a comparison that can improve brain related results. According to some studies, there may actually be a difference in efficacy between the two, but it all depends on goals. Utilize this guide to see whether the information might help you. Age-related brain deterioration is caused […]



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CDP Choline vs. Alpha GPC

Trying to determine whether to take CDP choline vs. alpha GPC? There are many advantages of each of these different choline sources, but as you will see from the research, it is not a difficult decision. There are benefits of CDP choline and alpha GPC choline, but you need to take the drug that best […]



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Alpha GPC and Amnesia in Rats

Research has shown that the cholinergic system plays a role in learning and memory. Anticholinergic drugs have been known to impair learning and memory in rats. One such drug, scopolamine, is used as a model of amnesia in rats due to its ability to reduce retention times in test subjects. Precursors of acetylcholine (ACh) have […]



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Alpha-glycerophosphocholine General Info

Alpha-glycerophosphocholine, or alpha-GPC, is a cholinergic compound reported to have nootropic effects. It is found naturally in the brain and milk. Studies have shown that alpha-GPC supplementation can prevent degradation of the brain caused by ischemia or Alzheimer’s disease. It has also been shown to be effective in treating vascular dementia and may also play […]



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Sunday, March 16, 2014

Aniracetam Reviews for Health

As many people say, your health is the most important thing that you have. If you can’t maintain your health, there is a good chance you will end up with a lot of problems in the long-term as well as the short-term. This is why so many people who are taking nootropic smart drugs need […]



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Saturday, March 15, 2014

Benefits of Piracetam Online

Quality is always an issue when taking smart drugs, but cost is a huge factor as well. People who want to enhance their cognitive abilities and improve their potential need to be able to afford the help. When it comes to piracetam, there are many benefits of buying it online. The vendors of piracetam online […]



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Friday, March 14, 2014

Why Oxiracetam Bulk is Useful

Saving money while you are taking nootropic drugs is a godsend for many people. The highest proportion of people taking smart drugs are actually students who are trying to get ahead and invest in themselves now so that they can have better jobs and careers later on. The oxiracetam bulk option is so useful for […]



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Thursday, March 13, 2014

Improving Your Oxiracetam Buy

Every time a person who is enhancing their cognitive abilities makes an oxiracetam buy, it is good to improve their purchasing to save more money, be safer, and get the most efficient use of their time. Sometimes this takes a guide to buy the product all on its own. The following article will help you […]



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Wednesday, March 12, 2014

Piracetam Half Life and Central Nervous System

There are many reasons to take piracetam for enhanced memory, but learning how long it lasts in your body can make the dosing far more efficient for your body and your wallet. Saving money by understanding the piracetam half life is one of the best things that you can do. It only takes a bit […]



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Tuesday, March 11, 2014

Where to Buy Aniracetam at Stores?

If you have been scared by talk of aniracetam online, then there are other options for you depending on where you live. You can learn where to buy aniracetam in a store near you, which might be harder than it sounds. Not every store is going to have this racetam analogue in stock. In fact, […]



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CDP Choline Powder – Is It Worth It?

There are a lot of advantages of using supplements to enhance the brain neurotransmitters, but sometimes getting a specific option is most efficient. When it comes to increasing choline in your brain the most cost effective way, CDP choline powder is a great option. Using this you can enhance your memory among many other things. […]



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Choline Dosage

Getting the optimal effects from any supplement or nootropic requires that you take the right amount. The dosage is particularly important when you are looking at products like choline to enhance your cognitive abilities. The choline dosage is particularly important because there are multiple sources that you will be able to take in order to […]



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Monday, March 10, 2014

Where to Buy Oxiracetam in America

Cognitive enhancers are quickly becoming a popular way of getting an edge over other people at the workplace or in school. For those wanting to know where to buy oxiracetam in America, it is a good idea to use this guide as support for your endeavors. It will assist you in determining which vendors will […]



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Are There Benefits of Lecithin?

A lot of people discuss the benefits of choline and all the different advantages of getting enough in the diet. Most people do not eat enough eggs or organ meats, which is why supplementing is such a good idea. When it comes to the different types of choline, it is important to know the advantages […]



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Sunday, March 9, 2014

Buy Oxiracetam without Anxiety

Some people who look for smart drugs are constantly faced with the problem that they don’t know a good or reliable source to get it from. This can be a disastrous problem for the people who are trying to improve their overall health and cognitive abilities, but are too scared to actually buy something. When […]



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Saturday, March 8, 2014

CDP Choline for Glaucoma, Appetite, and Complex Geriatric Syndrome

As the number of elderly people increases, many with chronic ischemic cerebrovascular disease show complex symptoms caused both by the decline in their state of health and by stressful events, such as continued hospitalization. These symptoms are characterized by confusion and/or stupor, which are hard to care for. CDP-choline is known to have neuroprotective effects […]



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CDP Choline as a Safe and Effective Supplement

Cerebral vascular disease is known to cause impairments in the activities of daily living. As the elderly population increases, more people are diagnosed with mild vascular cognitive impairment. CDP-choline has been shown to have neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing properties. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness and safety of CDP-choline in patients with mild […]



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When Piracetam Reviews are Bad

There is a time when getting the review of a product can be a bad thing. Typically this comes about when people start to over think their decisions and their experiences too much. Piracetam reviews on the internet are a great way of getting information about the smart drug and seeing whether it is something […]



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CDP Choline Improves Hippocampal Acetylcholine

Previous studies have shown that administration of CDP-choline improves long-term spatial memory consolidation and retrieval mechanisms. The hippocampus is known to be important in long-term spatial memory, and can be impaired by aging and impoverished environmental conditions. This study was conducted to determine CDP-choline’s effect on memory impairment in impoverished rats. A group of rats […]



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CDP Choline and Age Related Memory Deficits

Aging is known to be associated with hippocampal-dependent memory decline in both humans and rats. Recent studies suggest that aging rats have impaired consolidation and retrieval mechanisms. CDP-choline administration in rats has been shown to increase acetylcholine synthesis and release, which plays an important part in memory function. This study was conducted to characterize the […]



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CDP Choline Recovers Dopamine and ACh Receptors

CDP-choline has been shown to be helpful when treating certain age-related diseases, such a Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. CDP-choline’s effects on these diseases may be due in part to its effects on the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine, as these are known to be involved with such diseases. Aging mice have been shown to exhibit […]



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CDP Choline and Plasma Choline Plus Uridine

Previous studies have shown that CDP-choline elevates plasma levels of cytidine and and choline in humans. However, some have shown to be not fully specific. This study was conducted to perform more specific assays on CDP-choline’s metabolism. Results of the experiment show that exogenous CDP-choline is metabolized mainly into choline and uridine in humans, contrary […]



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Metabolism of CDP Choline

CDP-choline has been shown to effect brain phospholipid biosynthesis. It is also known to affect the metabolism and release of certain neurotransmitters. This study was conducted to examine the metabolism of CDP-choline in human and rat test subjects. Both oral administration and intravenous administration were tested using assays for choline, CDP-choline, cytidine, and CMP. Results […]



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CDP Choline General Info

Cytidine diphosphate choline, also known as CDP-choline or citicoline, is a nucleotide, which is a family of biomolecules that play a part in cellular metabolism. CDP-choline is known to function as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cell membrane phospholipids. CDP-choline is formed naturally in the brain from choline, which needs to be ingested as […]



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Alpha GPC Side Effects and Precautions

Alpha-GPC can cause side effects in some people including heartburn, headache, insomnia, dizziness skin rash, and confusion. It may also cause some gastrointestinal irritation, headache or insomnia in a small percentage of people. Not enough is known about the use of alpha-GPC during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use. Alpha-GPC […]



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Alpha GPC Choline Background

Alpha-GPC choline (L-Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine) is a natural choline compound found in soy and other plant breakdowns. When consumed as medicine, it rapidly delivers choline to the brain across the blood-brain barrier and is a biosynthetic precursor of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. Effects include potential treatment of diseases and enhancement in memory and cognitive such as similar […]



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Friday, March 7, 2014

Popularity of Smart Drugs

The popularity of smart drugs has been growing exponentially over the past decade for a few main reasons. First and foremost, the people who are trying to get ahead and be high performers and finding it harder to compete in such a globalized world. When you are no longer competing with your class, but with […]



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CDP Choline Side Effects

There are a wide variety of nootropics and supplements that proclaim they can help with one thing, but do not tell you about the side effects. When it comes to compounds like choline, finding the right source without the side effects is not a difficult task. The CDP choline side effects are minimal and can […]



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Choline Pills

Are you interested in enhancing cognitive abilities through the use of natural substances found in food? Choline pills are an excellent way of doing this without all of the associated problems that many people are faced with. Make sure that you are able to find the right type if you want all of the advantages […]



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CDP Choline Bulk – Is It Worth It?

There are many people who prefer to take bulk powder in order to improve cognition and save money at the same time. In some situations this is easy enough and for the expert nootropic takers, it is a great way of being precise and saving money. However, CDP choline bulk options may not be as […]



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Thursday, March 6, 2014

Why Not Buy Piracetam Bulk for Convenience?

For people who want to get the most bang for their buck, piracetam bulk sales might seem like a great idea. They seem to be the cheapest way to get a good supply of the product, it is definitely nice to have to order only once in while, and it can all be used to […]



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Wednesday, March 5, 2014

Why Aniracetam Studies Matter

Studies of any nootropic drug matter a lot to the people who take them. There are a lot of resources that you can use in order to get the information that you are looking for. Most people think that they have to go to a library or have access to some kind of special file, […]



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Citicholine CDP choline

There are a lot of people who tout the benefit of citicholine CDP choline and with good reason. This is one of the two most efficient sources of choline that can help a variety of different things within the human brain and body aside from the memory advantages of choline alone. Using this article, we […]



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Choline Tablets

There are many different forms of choline that you can take for improved cognitive abilities. Of course there is the dietary type, but there is also the choline tablets that you can purchase. These are often filled with the choline powder, which can help you to get the precursor that you need for enhanced cognitive […]



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Does Choline Supplementation Work?

There are a lot of doctors and researchers that claim choline supplementation can be an effective for improving cognition and other elements of the body. It is important to take some type of choline supplement if you are not getting enough in your diet. Considering most people do not eat organ meats or nearly enough […]



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Choline Supplement Benefits

There are many different choline supplement benefits for the general population in the United States and western world. Most people do not consume nearly enough choline, which is why they have all type of choline deficiencies and a variety of other problems that arise as well. If you are struggling to find enough micronutrients in […]



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Choline Brain Effects

The extreme effects of nutrition on the human mind is great because it is the fuel for the brain to operate. Without proper nutrition, there is no way to maintain the mental capacity to perform tasks and retain memories among other things. The choline brain effects are profound, which is why so many doctors and […]



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Tuesday, March 4, 2014

CDP Choline Benefits for Elderly

There are a lot of elderly people who need help with their cognitive abilities and it makes sense that they would want to get the help of some type of supplement if needed. When searching for different methods of improving cognitive abilities, it is a good idea to look for the most efficient sources so […]



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Nootropic Stack Using Piracetam

Most people who have used smart drugs or are knowledgeable about these compounds will have heard of piracetam at some point in their life. As far as nootropics are concerned, piracetam was the first to be discovered for cognitive enhancement and remains one of the best-studied drugs available. Combining piracetam with others to form a […]



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CDP Choline for Children

A lot of people are starting to supplement with CDP choline and other products that can enhance cognitive abilities. The majority of those who look at choline or acetylcholine are interested in neuro protective agents that can prevent degeneration. However, there are options that can help children as well. Want your children to have the […]



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How Choline Supplements Relate to Acetylcholine

There are a variety of different neuro chemicals in the brain, but four of them are called neurotransmitters and have specific functions for humans. Particularly important is acetylcholine, which is responsible for enhancing memory and providing general cognitive enhancement. Many people consider choline supplements a great way of getting more acetylcholine in the brain and […]



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Choline Cocktail

Getting the right amount of choline is incredibly important for optimal brain health and physical capabilities. Sometimes it is just not enough to get the choline from food sources, which means that you need to take a choline cocktail. There are so many different methods that you can use to create your own, but here […]



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Monday, March 3, 2014

Buy Choline Bitartrate Powder

There are many sources of choline that you can consume for adequate acetylcholine, but few of them are as bad as choline bitartrate. It is not a very useful source of choline and it can cause a number of problems if you are not taking the right dosage. One of the reasons we advocate that […]



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CDP Choline and Uridine

There are four major types of choline sources that one can use to supplement for increased acetylcholine. One of these is called CDP choline, which stands for Cytidine DiphosPhocholine. As the name implies, it offers the body choline and also cytidine, which has the unique property of being instantly converted into uridine. The benefits of […]



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Supplements for Acetylcholine

For health conscious individuals, supplements are becoming an ever important daily ritual that can help to improve the number of nutrients when diet is not enough. Modern diets and lifestyles just do not offer the optimal health options and it is important to consider how to make the proper trade off for health. Choline is […]



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Alpha GPC Choline Improved Athletics

There are many advantages of taking dietary choline for enhanced cognition and neuro protection. Most people who supplement with choline are utilizing these advantages for themselves. However, the question still arises whether there are added advantages of taking specific choline sources. Alpha GPC choline is one source that has a few studies indicating enhanced performance […]



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Choline Deficiency

Having a deficiency in any nutrient is bad, but when it pertains to how your brain functions and creates memories, it can be even worse. A choline deficiency can lead to a number of problems and many of them are hard to know about until it is too late. Modern diets do not make it […]



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CDP Choline Dosage

For people interested in enhanced cognitive abilities, getting enough choline is a great way of achieving this in a relatively simply way. Choline is a dietary product found in many cruciferous vegetables, but mostly in eggs and organ meats. Sometimes wheat products will have choline as well, but it is important to ensure you get […]



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Nootropics List for Different Needs

Strictly speaking, smart drugs are a very broad category and there are many things included within a nootropics list. There are a wide variety of drugs that are dedicated to helping improve memory and there are many that are also useful for attention, focus, and concentration. Yet others are useful for anxiety and nervousness. Determining […]



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Sunday, March 2, 2014

CDP Choline Benefits – An Overview

For nootropics or supplements to enhance brain health, there are a variety of different benefits that can often feel difficult to navigate. When it comes to the CDP choline benefits, there is a long list that comes directly from the many studies on the subject. By learning about these studies, you can better understand whether […]



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Coluracetam and Schizophrenia

Many different animal models have been developed to simulate symptoms of schizophrenia. One such model uses subchronic administration of phencyclidine (PCP) to simulate schizophrenia’s effects on motor response. In experimental studies, PCP was found to reduce acetylcholine (ACh) in the striatum, which is thought to be characteristic of the brains of schizophrenics. In order to […]



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Coluracetam and Hyperglycemic Effect

It is known that cholinergic neurons in the brain are involved in learning and memory performance. Also, cholinergic functions in Alzheimer’s disease patients have been shown to be defective. Drugs researched for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease commonly affect the cholinergic system. However, cholinergic neurons are also involved in the regulation of peripheral carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, […]



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Glutamate Protection with Coluracetam

The purpose of this study was to document the ability of coluracetam to prevent glutamate cytotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. Cortical cultures obtained from fetal rats were exposed to coluracetam for twelve to twenty-four hours and then exposed to ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, or S-nitrosocysteine (SNOC), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Coluracetam was found to […]



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Chronic Treatment with Coluracetam

This study was conducted to study the effects of coluracetam, linopiridine (Dup 996), and tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) on working memory deficits and decreased hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) content in mice treated with AF64A, an experimental drug that impairs memory and lowers high affinity choline uptake (HACU). Mice were tested for memory with a delayed non-matching to sample […]



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Coluracetam Mode of Action

While it has been known that coluracetam increases high affinity choline uptake (HACU) in the hippocampus in rats, its mode of action, for the most part, has remained largely unknown. This study was conducted to investigate coluracetam’s mode of action of HACU enhancement. Tests were done to examine coluracetam’s effects on HACU, along with an […]



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Coluracetam Effects the Synthesis and Release of Acetylcholine

The effects of different dosages of coluracetam on the synthesis and release of acetylcholine (ACh) in the hippocampis of AF64A treated rats and normal rats was studied. Coluracetam was found to significantly reverse the reduction of ACh and high affinity choline uptake (HACU) caused by treatment with AF64A. Prior to testing, rats were treated with […]



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Coluracetam and Lasting Effects on Rat Cognition

This study was conducted to document the effects of repeated administration of coluracetam in rats treated with the experimental drug AF64A. Concentration was tested with a water maze test. Results showed that a single dosage of coluracetam had positive effects on concentration up to twenty-four hours after administration. It was also shown that repeated administration […]



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Coluracetam Compared to Other Racetams

A survey was conducted to investigate the outcomes of clinical trials and compile scientific literature relating to the pharmacology, dynamics and kinetics, mechanism of action, dosing, and effects of various marketed and investigational drugs such as piracetam and piracetam-like drugs. These drugs modulate cerebral functions and are of interest because of their effects on cognition, […]



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Coluracetam General Information

Coluracetam, also known as MKC-231, is a synthetic derivative of a family of drugs called racetams. Its IUPAC name is 2-(2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-(2,3-dimetyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydrofuro [2,3-b] quinolin-4-yl) acetoamide. Racetams are a class of drugs that share a common pyrrolidone nucleus. Many are nootropics. Coluracetam has been shown to interact with a process in the brain called high affinity […]



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More Noopept Studies

A study in neuroprotective and nootropic drug noopept rescues α-synuclein amyloid cytotoxicity. Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by α-synuclein (α-Syn)-containing Lewy body formation and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. We have demonstrated the modulating effect of noopept, a novel proline-containing dipeptide drug with nootropic and neuroprotective properties, on […]



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Noopept Experiments in Rats

Unusually for a peptide-derived compound, noopept displays both high oral bioavailability and good blood-brain barrier penetration in rats. A previous study concluded that “GVS-111 itself was not found in rat brain 1 hour after 5 mg/kg i.p. administration up to limit of detection” and that administration of Noopept only increases the concentration of endogenous nootropic […]



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Noopept Overall Effects

Noopept is a supplement that is used to boost intelligence, cognitive functions and attention. Common reported benefits include increased ability to learn, improved mood, decreased anxiety and feelings of depression, increased levels of energy and wakefulness, improved physical performance, improved memory and recall, improved patterns of speech, better logical thinking, enhanced perception and reflexes, and […]



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Noopept Dosages – Oral vs. Sublingual

Noopept is a peptide that is 2 amino acids along, allowing the compound to be easily absorbed into the GI tract and digested by enzymes. Polypeptides when administered orally are broken down into its individual amino acids for use. This explains for why humans cannot ingest long-chain amino acids because they are too large to […]



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Noopept Background

Noopept (N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester) is a peptide promoted and prescribed in Russia and is exported to other countries for market. It was first patented in Russia in 1995. Noopept is a nootropic drug and part of the racetam family with its cousin known to be Piracetam. The formula, C17H22N2O4, and structure shows that the 2-oxo-pyrollidine […]



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Why Find the Best Nootropic Supplements?

Most people who want to enhance their learning and capabilities treat smart drugs without a lot of attention to detail. When considering that the health of your body and brain are on the line, it is important that you are focused on getting the best nootropic supplements that quality can find you. There are many […]



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Acetylcholine and Memory

When it comes to improving memory and general cognitive abilities, neurotransmitters play a very important role. One of the most important neurotransmitters for memory is called acetylcholine. This neuro chemical is associated with the hippocampus in order to improve cognitive abilities, but memory more specifically. There are a few different types of foods that can […]



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Alpha GPC Choline and Athletes

There is a lot of talk about getting improved athletic performance through the use of different supplements and tools. Creatine is often used as is whey protein and a variety of others. However, alpha GPC choline is now being touted as a potential beneficial mechanism for people who are looking for the edge. In the […]



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Saturday, March 1, 2014

Why Buy Choline?

There are many aspects of brain health that require attention. Some people question whether they should be using a variety of supplements and indeed the companies that produce these are often selling unnecessary or poor quality products. Considering our role as a nootropics provider, we often hear people ask, “why buy choline?” It is a […]



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Choline Sources

There are many foods that contain high quantities of vitamins and minerals, but there are some micronutrients that are hard to get from food alone. In modern diets there are just so few choline sources that people actually want to consume in order to enhance their brain chemistry and improve their cognitive abilities. In this […]



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Oxiracetam Reviews as a Stimulant

Any time somebody says stimulant, people definitely perk up a little bit. The fact that almost everyone is addicted to caffeine makes people better understand what stimulating smart drugs can do. Some people like to take Modafinil, but without a prescription, this is a very tricky situation. When you are looking at other compounds, you […]



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